android开发中会使用到SQLite数据库。下面是一个使用实例:
下面是创建数据库和表的类,继承自SQLiteOpenHelper。
public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
//创建数据库是在这个构造方法里的
public DBOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context, "itcast.db", null, 2);
}
//db.execSQL();这个方式执行sql语句去创建表
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE person(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, name VARCHAR(20))");
}
//判断是否升级,根据版本号对比来判断
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE person ADD balance INTEGER");
}
}
下面是具体操作数据库的类,每次都要去拿到一个数据库的实例,
public class PersonDao {
private DBOpenHelper helper;
public PersonDao(Context context) {
helper = new DBOpenHelper(context);
}
public void remit(int from, int to, int amount) {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
// 开启事务
db.beginTransaction();
try {
db.execSQL("UPDATE person SET balance=balance-? WHERE id=?", new Object[]{amount, from});
db.execSQL("UPDATE person SET balance=balance+? WHERE id=?", new Object[]{amount, to});
db.setTransactionSuccessful();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 结束事务, 将事务成功点前面的代码提交
db.endTransaction();
db.close();
}
public void insert(Person p) {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
// 准备数据
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("name", p.getName());
values.put("balance", p.getBalance());
// 通过ContentValues中的数据拼接SQL语句, 执行插入操作, id为表中的一个列名
db.insert("person", "id", values);
db.close();
}
public void delete(int id) {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
// 执行删除操作, 在person表中删除id为指定值的记录
db.delete("person", "id=?", new String[]{String.valueOf(id)});
db.close();
}
public void update(Person p) {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
// 要更新的数据
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("name", p.getName());
values.put("balance", p.getBalance());
// 更新person表中id为指定值的记录
db.update("person", values, "id=?", new String[] { String.valueOf(p.getId()) });
db.close();
}
public Person query(int id) {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
// 执行查询: 不去重复, 表是person, 查询name和balance两列, Where条件是"id=?", 占位符是id, 不分组, 没有having, 不排序, 没有分页
Cursor c = db.query(false, "person", new String[]{"name", "balance"}, "id=?", new String[]{String.valueOf(id)}, null, null, null, null);
Person p = null;
// 判断Cursor是否有下一条记录
if (c.moveToNext())
// 从Cursor中获取数据, 创建Person对象
p = new Person(id, c.getString(0), c.getInt(1));
// 释放资源
c.close();
db.close();
return p;
}
public List<Person> queryAll() {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
// 查询所有记录, 倒序
Cursor c = db.query(false, "person", new String[]{"id","name", "balance"}, null, null, null, null, "id DESC", null);
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
while (c.moveToNext())
persons.add(new Person(c.getInt(0), c.getString(1), c.getInt(2)));
c.close();
db.close();
return persons;
}
public List<Person> queryPage(int pageNum, int capacity) {
// 开始索引
String start = String.valueOf((pageNum - 1) * capacity);
// 查询的个数
String length = String.valueOf(capacity);
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
// 翻页查询
Cursor c = db.query(false, "person", new String[]{"id","name", "balance"}, null, null, null, null, null, start + "," + length);
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
while (c.moveToNext())
persons.add(new Person(c.getInt(0), c.getString(1), c.getInt(2)));
c.close();
db.close();
return persons;
}
public int queryCount() {
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
// 查询记录条数
Cursor c = db.query(false, "person", new String[]{"COUNT(*)"}, null, null, null, null, null, null);
c.moveToNext();
int count =c.getInt(0);
c.close();
db.close();
return count;
}
}